How long can you live with a Total Artificial Heart

An artificial heart, also known as a mechanical heart, heart replacement device or total artificial heart, is a medical device designed to replace the function of a failing or damaged natural heart. It is possibly used in cases of severe heart failure when the patient's heart can no longer pump blood effectively to meet the body's demands. The artificial heart provides mechanical circulatory support, allowing the patient to maintain blood flow and oxygenation typically until a suitable donor heart becomes available for transplantation.

Artificial hearts can be divided into two main categories: temporary and permanent. Temporary artificial hearts are used as a short-term solution, typically as a bridge to transplantation. They support the patient's circulation while they wait for a donor heart. Permanent artificial hearts, according to Oregon Health & Science University , are designed to permanently replace the failing heart when a suitable donor heart is not available or when the patient is not eligible for a heart transplant.

Artificial hearts typically consist of mechanical pumps, valves, and sensors that mimic the pumping action and functions of the natural heart. They are usually made of biocompatible materials to minimize the risk of rejection or adverse reactions within the body. The mechanical pumps are powered either by an external console or an implanted power source, depending on the type of artificial heart.

According to the *Journal of Visual Experiments, who video documented the implantation of a *Syncardia Total Artificial Heart , the process of implanting an artificial heart involves major surgery. The natural heart is removed or bypassed, and the artificial heart is implanted in its place. The device is then connected to the patient's remaining blood vessels and often controlled externally to regulate blood flow and ensure proper functioning.

The development of artificial hearts has evolved over the years, with various designs and technologies being explored. Some artificial hearts are pulsatile, attempting to replicate the natural heartbeat, while others are continuous flow devices that provide a steady blood flow without a pulse. Continuous flow devices have become more common in recent years due to their smaller size, durability, and potential for longer-term use.

Artificial hearts can extend the lives of patients with end-stage heart failure. While the devices themselves are said to last approximately 20 years, the prognosis is that implantation can extend life several months or even years.

They are not without limitations. Challenges include the risk of infection, bleeding, device malfunction, the need for external components, and lifestyle adjustments for the patient. Ongoing research and advancements in technology aim to improve the safety, reliability, and long-term performance of artificial hearts.

Implanting an artificial heart is a life-saving medical intervention for individuals with end-stage heart failure. It serves as a bridge to transplantation, providing mechanical circulatory support until a suitable donor heart becomes available. While this innovative technology offers hope and extended life expectancy to patients, it is essential to consider the pros and cons associated with the implantation of an artificial heart.

Pros of Implanting an Artificial Heart:

1. Life-Saving Intervention: The primary advantage of implanting an artificial heart is that it provides a life-saving option for individuals with end-stage heart failure who are not immediately eligible for heart transplantation. It can sustain patients until a suitable donor heart becomes available, increasing their chances of survival.

2. Improved Quality of Life: Artificial hearts can significantly improve a patient's quality of life by restoring blood circulation and vital organ perfusion. Patients often experience increased energy levels, reduced symptoms of heart failure, and improved physical activity, allowing them to engage in everyday activities and enjoy a more fulfilling life.

3. Bridge to Transplantation: For patients on the transplant waiting list, an artificial heart serves as a bridge to transplantation. It helps them survive and maintain their health until a suitable donor heart becomes available, increasing their chances of receiving a successful transplant.

4. Longevity: With advances in artificial heart technology, the lifespan of these devices has improved. Patients have been able to live with artificial hearts for several months or even years while awaiting transplantation, significantly extending their survival compared to the limited options available without the device.

Cons of Implanting an Artificial Heart:

1. Surgical Risks: Implanting an artificial heart involves a major surgical procedure, which carries inherent risks such as bleeding, infection, blood clots, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. Additionally, the surgery may cause complications related to the device's implantation, such as device malfunction, displacement, or rejection.

2. Lifestyle Adjustments: Living with an artificial heart requires significant lifestyle adjustments. Patients must adhere to a strict medication regimen, regularly monitor the device, and make significant changes to their daily activities and routines. This may include limitations on physical exertion, dietary restrictions, and frequent medical check-ups.

3. Dependence on External Components: Artificial hearts often require external components, such as an external console or power source, to function. This dependence can limit a patient's mobility and require them to carry or be connected to the external equipment, which may affect their daily life and independence.

4. Limited Availability: The implantation of an artificial heart is a complex and specialized procedure that is not widely available. Only select medical centers have the expertise, resources, and infrastructure to perform the surgery and provide adequate post-implantation care. This limited availability can restrict access to this life-saving technology for many individuals in need.

As always, we recommmend that you take the time to get a second opinion before any surgeries.

*Video of surgery, graphic

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